Roula HANDAL | 02/07/2019
Article by:Anu VirtanenIn
2004, entrepreneurship and start-up support programs in Palestine began by
targeting the students at universities, particularly those in the IT sector.
The first programs focused on promoting the idea of entrepreneurship and
encouraging Palestinians to take this path. IT centers of excellence began to
incubate start-ups through provision of space and guidance.
Later on, while the start-up ecosystem developed, the incubators started to
provide the entire cycle of incubation, including systematic advisory services
and coaching, as well as business advice. Moreover, the business incubators
began to be more open and encouraging to other business sectors outside the
arena of IT. This probably plays a role in the decisions of many women to
translate their ideas into businesses and join the incubators.
Albeit men are still way more likely than women to become entrepreneurs, the
number of female entrepreneurs is growing, particularly in Palestine. According
to a World Bank study*1 published last year, 23 percent of start-ups in Gaza
and the West Bank have female founders, while in similar ecosystems the numbers
are lower – in Beirut, for instance, 19 percent of the start-up entrepreneurs
are women and in Dar es Salaam, 15 percent. *2 Let’s ask Palestinian women why
they chose the path of starting their own business.
Laughter
yoga ambassador runs growing business without stress
While
working for several years in the field of women’s empowerment in the MENA
region, Palestinian Dr. Manal Dandis from Hebron heard countless stories of
women who were under stress. The working environment slowly began to have a
negative effect on Dr. Dandis as well. She recalls how she found laughter yoga:
“I was searching online for a method to reduce stress, and laughter yoga
attracted my attention. I read about the benefits: the yoga breathing sequence
combined with laughter brings oxygen to one’s body and releases stress.
According to the studies, fake laughter provides the same physiological and
psychological benefits as spontaneous laughter. I started to practice it and
felt the benefits immediately.” When Dr. Dandis wanted to share her experience
with others suffering from stress, she found out that there were no laughter
yoga teachers in Palestine. So she decided to become one herself and packed her
luggage in order to travel to India to study with Dr. Madan Kataria, the
originator of the concept.
Dr.
Dandis is now a certified laughter-yoga teacher and the official laughter-yoga
ambassador to the Middle East. She gives classes in gyms, sport clubs, study
centers, chambers of commerce, and children’s centers. While targeting mainly
the most vulnerable people, such as disabled children and families living in
poverty, she also teaches in work teams and school classes. She has so much work
that she is able to employ yoga teachers and grow her business. For this she is
receiving support from the EU funded Business Start-up Incubator Support (BSIS)
project, implemented by Enabel (the Belgian development agency) at the Business
Incubator Unit of the Palestine Polytechnic University in Hebron.Dr. Dandis’ business
idea follows the mission of the laughter-yoga concept: health, happiness, and
world peace. She believes in these values, and she is convinced that given the
great market potential, her business will continue to grow. “I have already
overcome many obstacles. By showing the scientific research that has been
carried out on laughter yoga, I have convinced people that it is neither a
religious nor a political endeavor. It is a method to release stress, and this
is what we need. My dream is that all Palestinians would practice laughter
yoga,” she concludes while laughing.A passion for fashion resulted in a career changeFashion designer Manar El-Banna
presents sketches and photos of dresses that are ready for purchase in her
showroom in Gaza City. It’s difficult to believe that she only started her
career as a fashion designer about five years ago. “I studied architecture,
which obviously requires some similar skills, but fashion was only a hobby for
me before. I sewed baby clothes for 12 years until I started to think that it
could be my main job,” she reveals.“I receive professional support on
how to teach laughter yoga from my mentor, Dr. Kataria, and the BSIS program
facilitates the technical aspects of the management of my business. Moreover, I
enjoy the positive energy around me in the office where I meet other start-up
entrepreneurs, create new ideas, and seek for synergies.”Dr. Manal DandisEl-Banna changed her career and followed
her passion by establishing Mix Fashion in 2013. Since then, she and her
growing number of staff members have been designing and sewing multi-usage
dresses, some of which are made from recycled materials. Due to the
restrictions imposed on imported goods, textiles are costly in Gaza. Therefore,
many women prefer to own multi-usage clothes or recycle their old clothes.“I started with
abayas and continued making wedding dresses and other costumes with the idea
that the customer could wear the same attire on several occasions. Regardless
of the purpose, all my clothes are tailor-made,” the designer explains. While
pleasing customers is an obvious goal of every business owner, under the
difficult situation that Gaza is facing, the social impact of entrepreneurship
is equally important for El-Banna. Her business contributes to improving the
lives of several Gazan families since Mixed Fashion employs five full-time
employees along with several part-time workers. Employing women requires taking
cultural aspects in to consideration. She explains: “Some of my part-time
employees work from home, which allows these women to continue to take care of
their families while they earn some extra income at the same time.”El-Banna’s passion and vision led her
to choose a career in fashion design, but in order to make her business
successful she needed professional business advice. “The biggest advantage of
joining the Business and Tech Incubator at the Islamic University of Gaza is
that it enabled me to move from my old office to the showroom here in the
center of Gaza City. The seed fund I received made this possible,” notes
El-Banna.The designer says
that they call the BSIS program bassees, which means “hope” in Arabic. “Hope is
what the project and entrepreneurship have given me,” El-Banna concludes.Satisfaction
through entrepreneurshipJerusalemite Suzan Ghosheh Shurafa
has done something unusual with her life. She used to hold a good position in
an international organization, but she felt that her creativity and energy were
restricted. She explains the reasons behind her decision: “As a psychotherapist,
I needed to be in the field, not in the office waiting for a fund or a new
project. I was sitting in meetings, writing papers, and doing deskwork while I
saw that there was a lot of work to do in the field.”Ghosheh Shurafa opened up to her
friend Asmahan Alayan who is an experienced businesswoman who was dealing with
start-ups. Encouraged by these discussions, Ghosheh Shurafa became convinced
that she should start a business on her own. She partnered with Suad Mitwalli
whom she met in a psychodrama high-diploma course. Previously both of them had
completed a BA in psychology from Birzeit University. In addition, Mitwalli
holds a diploma in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy. These
two women, who have a lot of experience in counseling and trauma therapy,
especially with women, decided to establish Nisma Al-Quds, which means “fresh
air Jerusalem.”“My own business is my dream come
true! I don’t want to sit at home; I want to do something I love.”
Suzan Ghosheh Shurafa“We started to use
nature as a therapeutic technique by organizing walks and talks in nature and
breathing activities for women in the villages and raising awareness about
mental health. We have traditionally labeled mental health as a concern only
for those persons who have been marginalized because of their psychopathology.
I have a passion to change this,” Ghosheh Shurafa states.She emphasizes that mental health
issues do not occur only in the refugee camps or within other vulnerable groups
but also among women who work and live regular lives in the cities. Since Nisma
Al-Quds joined the Jerusalem business incubator, partnering with Palestine
Education for Employment and operating on the premises of Al-Quds University,
they started to strengthen their marketing and awareness-raising activities. In
addition to traditional psychotherapy, they continue to introduce new therapy
methods, such as group therapy and psychodrama.*1 Press Release, “New World Bank Report Highlights What It Takes to Build a Robust Palestinian Start-up Ecosystem,” The World Bank, July 2018, available at https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/07/11/new-world-bank-report-highlights-what-it-takes-to-build-a-robust-palestinian-startup-ecosystem.*2 Tech Startup Ecosystem in West Bank and Gaza, Findings and Recommendations, The World Bank, 2018, available at http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/715581526049753145/pdf/126144-replacement-WBG-ecosystem-mapping-digital.pdf.Anu Virtanen is a Finnish communications consultant who works for several EU entities globally, including the EU-funded Business Start-up Incubators Support (BSIS) program, which supports entrepreneurs in Palestine through partnering with business incubators located in East Jerusalem, Ramallah, Hebron, Bethlehem, and Gaza. The program encourages entrepreneurs to change their ideas into businesses and, consequently, contributes to private-sector development and the improvement of lives in Palestine. The program is implemented by Enabel (the Belgian development agency).
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